Indian authorities entities and vitality firms have been focused by unknown menace actors with an goal to ship a modified model of an open-source info stealer malware known as HackBrowserData and exfiltrate delicate info in some circumstances through the use of Slack as command-and-control (C2).
“The data stealer was delivered through a phishing e-mail, masquerading as an invite letter from the Indian Air Drive,” EclecticIQ researcher Arda Büyükkaya stated in a report revealed at present.
“The attacker utilized Slack channels as exfiltration factors to add confidential inner paperwork, personal e-mail messages, and cached net browser information after the malware’s execution.”
The marketing campaign, noticed by the Dutch cybersecurity agency starting March 7, 2024, has been codenamed Operation FlightNight in reference to the Slack channels operated by the adversary.
Targets of the malicious exercise span a number of authorities entities in India, counting these associated to digital communications, IT governance, and nationwide protection.
The menace actor is alleged to have efficiently compromised personal vitality firms, harvesting monetary paperwork, private particulars of workers, particulars about drilling actions in oil and fuel. In all, about 8.81 GB of knowledge has been exfiltrated over the course of the marketing campaign.
The assault chain begins with a phishing message containing an ISO file (“invite.iso”), which, in flip, comprises a Home windows shortcut (LNK) that triggers the execution of a hidden binary (“scholar.exe”) current throughout the mounted optical disk picture.
Concurrently, a lure PDF file that purports to be an invite letter from the Indian Air Drive is exhibited to the sufferer whereas the malware clandestinely harvests paperwork and cached net browser information and transmits them to an actor-controlled Slack channel named FlightNight.
The malware is an altered model of HackBrowserData that goes past its browser information theft options to include capabilities to siphon paperwork (Microsoft Workplace, PDFs, and SQL database recordsdata), talk over Slack, and higher evade detection utilizing obfuscation strategies.
It is suspected that the menace actor stole the decoy PDF throughout a earlier intrusion, with behavioral similarities traced again to a phishing marketing campaign concentrating on the Indian Air Drive with a Go-based stealer known as GoStealer.
Particulars of the exercise had been disclosed by an Indian security researcher who goes by the alias xelemental (@ElementalX2) in mid-January 2024.
The GoStealer an infection sequence is nearly equivalent to that FlightNight, using procurement-themed lures (“SU-30 Plane Procurement.iso”) to show a decoy file whereas the stealer payload is deployed to exfiltrate info of curiosity over Slack.
By adapting freely accessible offensive instruments and repurposing reliable infrastructure similar to Slack that is prevalent in enterprise environments, it permits menace actors to scale back time and improvement prices, in addition to simply fly beneath the radar.
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| Picture supply: ElementalX2 |
The effectivity advantages additionally imply that it is that a lot simpler to launch a focused assault, even permitting less-skilled and aspiring cybercriminals to spring into motion and inflict important harm to organizations.
“Operation FlightNight and the GoStealer marketing campaign spotlight a easy but efficient strategy by menace actors to make use of open-source instruments for cyber espionage,” Büyükkaya stated.
“This underscores the evolving panorama of cyber threats, whereby actors abuse broadly used open-source offensive instruments and platforms to attain their goals with minimal threat of detection and funding.”
